Day 2 :
- Functions of Regulatory Bodies, Veterinary Pharmaceuticals, Pharmacy from Natural products, Industrial Pharmacist Experts
Session Introduction
Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz
Dicle University, Turkey
Title: Secondary metabolic profile of 14 Achillea species by LC-MS/MS, LC-MS IT-TOF and investigation of their biological activities
Time : 09:30-09:55
Biography:
Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz is Assistant Professor at Dicle University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Diyarbakır, Turkey. He is also in charge of ther mass spectrometry and chromatography unit in Dicle University Science and Technology Application and Research Center (DUBTAM). His research areas are (high resolution) mass spectrometry and chromatography (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, LC-MS IT-TOF), plant metabolomics, analytical method validation etc. He has published 10 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
In this study, secondary metabolic profile of ethanol extracts of 4 different Achillea species (A. Arabica, A. santalinoides, A. vermicularis) were determined using LC-MS/MS. A comprehensive LC-MS/MS method validation was developed for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of 37 phytochemicals including 15 phenolic acids, 17 flavonoids, 3 nonphenolic organic acids, 1 phenolic aldehyde and 1 penzopyrane. The analytes were quantified by a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer working in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The fragmentation patterns of the studied compounds using ESI and collision-induced dissociation (CID) techniques are reported. The performance properties of the analytical method were determined by using standard solutions, spiked and non-spiked samples. Within the context of method validation, linearity, trueness (recovery), precision (repeatability and reproducibility, LOD and LOQ and expanded uncertainty (at 95% confidence level (k=2)) were determined. Afterwards, different parts of 4 different Achillea species were analysed and their phytochemical constituents were quantified by this method.
Reham F El-Kased
The British University, Egypt
Title: Antibacterial activity of raw honey versus simulated honey solution
Time : 09:55-10:20
Biography:
Reham F. El-Kased studied Pharmacy at Cairo University, Egypt. In her subsequent work (MSc. & PhD) at Proteome Center Rostock, Rostock University, Germany, she studied Proteomics, protein-protein interactions & epitope mapping using modern mass spectrometry techniques. In September 2013, she joined The British University in Egypt (BUE) as a Lecturer at Faculty of Pharma.
Abstract:
Raw honey and simulated honey samples were compared for their antibacterial activities against bacteria causing respiratory tract infections, namely Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosaand Streptococcus pneumonia, where over 50 million deaths worldwide are due to respiratory tract infections. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of both samples were compared using different concentrations (25%, 75% and 100%). The maximum bacterial susceptibility was shown with the 75% raw honey sample and with the 100% simulated honey solution. This could be attributed to the high sugar content exerting high osmotic pressure in both samples. The isolated bacteria showed moderate susceptibility to 100% raw honey, while resistance appeared with 25% raw honey samples and 25% and 75% of simulated honey solutions. This indicates that the antibacterial activity of honey is due to the presence of specific antimicrobial components and not the osmotic pressure. This study shows the distinguished antibacterial activity of raw honey against the most common bacteria causing respiratory tract infections which makes it an ideal natural, non-toxic and cheap antibacterial agent which should be globalized.
Amani Mirghani Elsayed
Taif University, Saudi Arabia
Title: Development and evaluation of chitosan-based systems for oral delivery of insulin
Time : 10:40-11:05
Biography:
Amani Mirghani Elsayed has completed her PhD from University of Gezira. She worked as a Research Associate and Doctoral Candidate at Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company (JPM), Jordan, (2005-2009). She patented 2 oral insulin delivery systems. She is now working as an Assistant Professor of Pharmaceutical Technology and Research Scientist at Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia. She has many publications in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Diabetes is a metabolic disease with high prevalence worldwide. Exogenous insulin is given by parenteral route for the management of this condition. Non-invasive routes such as nasal, pulmonary and oral routes were explored to solve problems associated with injections. However, oral administration of insulin is the most convenient method of delivery and could improve disease management and reduce the long-term complications of diabetes. However, peroral delivery of peptides and proteins is challenging mainly due to large size, hydrophilicity and instability of these macromolecules. Nanoparticulate systems based on chitosan were developed by our group to deliver insulin orally. Nanoparticles and nanovesicles were prepared and dispersed in either aqueous or oily vehicles. In vitro, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics studies were conducted to compare the above mentioned preparations. The most promising preparation was the one that was fabricated from chitosan, oleic acid and surfactants. This preparation decreased the blood glucose levels of the streptozotocin-diabetic rats remarkably after oral administration compared to the control group (P<0.05) and the antidiabetic activity was prolonged for many hours. The estimated pharmacological availability was 29% and the relative bioavailability was calculated to be 19.98%. The proposed absorption mechanisms for nanoparticles transport is via a special type of endocytosis i.e., clathrin mediated endocytosis and the main transport mechanism might be through lymphatic route. Promising results were obtained, when the nanoparticles were administered to human volunteers. This preparation showed considerable improvement in insulin delivery and could be considered as a platform technology for delivery of other peptides such as calcitonin
Andrzej Pilc
Institute of Pharmacology- PAS, Poland
Title: The antipsychotic activity of mGlu receptor agents, focus on novel allosteric vs. orthosteric agonists of mGlu4 receptors
Biography:
Andrzej Pilc is a Professor at Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Acad. Sci., and at Jagiellonian University
Abstract:
Modulation of the glutamatergic system via metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu) including mGlu5 receptor, positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) and mGlu2/3 receptor stimulators which could be a new, efficient way to achieve antipsychotic-like effects. The metabotropic glutamate 4 (mGlu4) receptor is the most studied among group III mGlu receptors. The antipsychotic activity of the non-selective orthosteric agonist of mGlu4/mGlu8 receptors, ACPT-I was demonstrated. The activity of the compound was evident in the models’ predictive of positive symptoms, moreover, it was shown that ACPT-I dose-dependently inhibited spontaneous EPSC evoked by DOI administration in rat frontal cortex. Similar results were obtained for the second orthosteric agonist of mGlu receptors, LSP1-2111. Later on it was shown that the compound also possessed activity towards negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia, measured in the social interaction and novel object recognition tests. Similar results were obtained with selective mGlu4 receptor PAMs Lu AF21934 or ADX88178. These compounds showed an antipsychotic-like activity in animal models, albeit the efficacy of the former compound was stronger than that for the latter one. The actions of Lu AF21934 were robust and evident in animal models of positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. The administration of the selective 5-HT1A antagonist WAY100635 fully reversed the action of both LSP1-2111 (orthosteric agonist) and Lu AF21934 (positive allosteric modulator) in preclinical models considered as mirroring positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Simultaneously, the administration of sub-effective doses of the ligands induced clear antipsychotic-like effects not observed for each compounds separately. Therefore it can be speculated that the combined treatment based on the mGlu4-5-HT1A agonism may be regarded as a potentially effective new antipsychotic treatment.